Essay --

Cauvery River Dispute - The Cauvery river dispute is one of the longest river dispute today. The dispute began in 1974 when the 50 year old agreement between the Karnataka and Tamil Nadu Collapsed. The Cauvery basin covers majorly 3 states and 1 UT – i.e. it originates Talacauvery in Coorg in Mysore state and then flows to Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Puducherry. But the Use and development of Cauvery Waters were regulated by agreements of 1892 and 1924, which were solely between the Mysore and Tamil Nadu. According to the Karnataka government the 1924 agreements states the discontinuation of the water supply to Tamil Nadu after 50 year. In 1990, SC directs centre to constitute Cauvery Water dispute tribunal (CWDT). The tribunal heard both the parties and reached a conclusion that Karnataka should release 205TMC of water to Tamil Nadu, every month. Karnataka denied the ruling and argued that it is impossible to implement the decision as in failed monsoons many areas of Karnataka are left without water. In that case they have to transfer water at the cost of their own people. In August 1998 the Centre constituted the Cauvery River Authority to ensure the implementation of the CWDT. The Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal (CWDT) announced its final verdict on 5 February 2007, after 16 years. The Tribunal made the two agreements of 1892 and 1924 functional. According to the verdict, Tamil Nadu was supposed to get 419 billion ft ³ of Cauvery water while Karnataka was supposed to get 270 billion ft ³. But the Karnataka still didn’t release the water as per the tribunal ruling. On 19 September 2012, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, and also the Chairman of the Cauvery River Authority, ordered Karnataka government to release around 9,000 cus... ...sing rapidly.† Karnataka depends heavily on Cauvery to fulfil its drinking needs where as Tamil Nadu depends on Cauvery for irrigation. Wide scale Rice cultivation in Tamil Nadu is one of the reasons that Cauvery needs so much water. The question is why the food security of Tamil Nadu depends heavily on rice, as TN doesn’t have the resources to grow rice in such quantities. According to R K Sivanappan, former head of the Water Technology Centre of the Coimbatore Agricultural University, â€Å"Tamil Nadu could meet all its municipal water requirements by reducing the area under paddy cultivation by just 2 per cent from the present level of 2.7 million ha†. Bothe states should start looking for other methods to solve their water woes or should try to get into a mutual understanding, instead of politicising the issue. Nishant Sharma Radio Stream Essay -- Cauvery River Dispute - The Cauvery river dispute is one of the longest river dispute today. The dispute began in 1974 when the 50 year old agreement between the Karnataka and Tamil Nadu Collapsed. The Cauvery basin covers majorly 3 states and 1 UT – i.e. it originates Talacauvery in Coorg in Mysore state and then flows to Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Puducherry. But the Use and development of Cauvery Waters were regulated by agreements of 1892 and 1924, which were solely between the Mysore and Tamil Nadu. According to the Karnataka government the 1924 agreements states the discontinuation of the water supply to Tamil Nadu after 50 year. In 1990, SC directs centre to constitute Cauvery Water dispute tribunal (CWDT). The tribunal heard both the parties and reached a conclusion that Karnataka should release 205TMC of water to Tamil Nadu, every month. Karnataka denied the ruling and argued that it is impossible to implement the decision as in failed monsoons many areas of Karnataka are left without water. In that case they have to transfer water at the cost of their own people. In August 1998 the Centre constituted the Cauvery River Authority to ensure the implementation of the CWDT. The Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal (CWDT) announced its final verdict on 5 February 2007, after 16 years. The Tribunal made the two agreements of 1892 and 1924 functional. According to the verdict, Tamil Nadu was supposed to get 419 billion ft ³ of Cauvery water while Karnataka was supposed to get 270 billion ft ³. But the Karnataka still didn’t release the water as per the tribunal ruling. On 19 September 2012, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, and also the Chairman of the Cauvery River Authority, ordered Karnataka government to release around 9,000 cus... ...sing rapidly.† Karnataka depends heavily on Cauvery to fulfil its drinking needs where as Tamil Nadu depends on Cauvery for irrigation. Wide scale Rice cultivation in Tamil Nadu is one of the reasons that Cauvery needs so much water. The question is why the food security of Tamil Nadu depends heavily on rice, as TN doesn’t have the resources to grow rice in such quantities. According to R K Sivanappan, former head of the Water Technology Centre of the Coimbatore Agricultural University, â€Å"Tamil Nadu could meet all its municipal water requirements by reducing the area under paddy cultivation by just 2 per cent from the present level of 2.7 million ha†. Bothe states should start looking for other methods to solve their water woes or should try to get into a mutual understanding, instead of politicising the issue. Nishant Sharma Radio Stream

Answers to queries on Orwell’s 1984 Essay

In the essay Why I Write, Orwell explained that all the serious work he wrote since the Spanish Civil War in 1936 were â€Å"written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism and for democratic socialism. † (Orwell, 5) What can you add by looking at his life and his mental state when writing the novel? The author wrote the novel in 1947–1948 while critically ill with tuberculosis. The writer himself wrote about the stages of his life leading to the period when he wrote the novel: First I spent five years in an unsuitable profession (the Indian Imperial Police, in Burma), and then I underwent poverty and the sense of failure. This increased my natural hatred of authority and made me for the first time fully aware of the existence of the working classes, and the job in Burma had given me some understanding of the nature of imperialism: but these experiences were not enough to give me an accurate political orientation. Then came Hitler, the Spanish Civil War, etc. By the end of 1935 I had still failed to reach a firm decision (on political position)†¦. † (Orwell, 6 parenthetical interpretation mine. ) What was the world like in 1949 (the immediate post-WW II era) in terms of politics, economics, and particularly the media? After Allied victory, two opposing world views and ideology—capitalism ( that termed itself democracy) and socialism (that called itself the democracy of the working class) characterized the previously unified Allied Forces, the former led by  America, on the latter by the Soviet Union. The two worlds have polarized economic systems: capitalism (which espoused free enterprise) and socialism (which espoused economic central planning). The two blocks also had opposing media philosophy: the so-called free libertarian press, in the tradition of the US revolution, and that of the Marxian school which saw media as the tool of the socialist revolution. This was the cold war era, and the world was politically bipolar: the United States and the Soviet Union were the superpowers. Orwell’ s once mighty Britain had become an impoverished crumbling has-been, even as its newspapers were reporting false triumphs. When he wrote 1984, Orwell saw the betrayal and perversion of socialist ideals in his country, and his hope of â€Å"English Socialism† had crashed. The novel is aimed primarily as a critique against totalitarianism. But what kind? As his dream of â€Å"English Socialism† turned into a monstrous ideology of oppression, Orwell saw its dehumanization even as its source model has become oppressors of the Soviet nations. Many of the characters in the novel in fact are believed to be depicting real figures from the Soviet Union. He was focused on the British socialists but obviously he had the Soviet politburo in mind as well. And he was obviously sure the British-American partnership would be heading towards the same direction. Why is the novel perhaps even more relevant than it when it was first written Al Gore in his Assault on Reason panned against us present-day Americans in our failure to oppose Bush when he led us to a baseless war against Iraq, against the advice of his own policymakers and using fabricated lies. Through the power of the media and the arousal of fear in us, our leader and his media spinners led us to embrace his war without us raising a whimper. (Gore, 2007; Bossard, 2007) He also warned us against any future effort to gag the internet, in the manner China is now doing it—arguing that the internet is our last hope of interactive democratic dialogues through which an informed nation can guard itself against the media and other manipulative technologies of a ruling demagogue. There have been many instances when even the most intelligent of nations have een misled by their leaders—the example of Hitler for the German people, and the recent example of the Philippines (1986) where a dictator ruled for 30 years until a unified people power ended a despotic rule, incidentally American-supported. Initially, warnings of intellectuals like Orwell may be voices in the wilderness in, but as proven by world events, at the appointed time nations would heed them, and people will move against their oppressors. Tell me why you think the novel can be used to teach students about media, history, and what we think we know. What does the book teach us about how to respond to political campaigns and advertising? What does it say about us? Against the backdrop of experience, the novel tells us how revolutions devour their sons and fail their fathers. But what Orwell warns against is the use of our skills as media men in the overall scheme of Big Brother. In the novel, the main character Winston Smith, was a revisionist writer of history who wrote it according to the whim of Big Brother’s officialdom. The propaganda machines of Big Brother were staffed by media professionals. Media churns out materials tainted by political motives. Media people are potential instruments of oppression and deceit. Lastly, how is the novel truthful, original, and human? In Why I Write Orwell said : â€Å"(I write )†¦. because there is some lie that I want to expose, some fact to which I want to draw attention, and my initial concern is to get a hearing. † (p. 5) Yevgeny Zamyatin’s novel We was a primary influence for 1984. He also included the following as influences of the novel: Darkness at Noon and The Yogi and the Commissar by Arthur Kostner, The Iron Heel (1908) by Jack London, among other books. (Shelden, 1991) Surname 5 The humanity in this novel rests in its vigorous warning against falling into the trap that will lead humanity to the nightmare of 1984. The inhumanity of its characters ironically dramatically aroused a fear in us, so we its readers recoil in the lost of such human sensibility — which the novel helped recover for us, in its aspiration for a society of equals where people are human beings and not Big Brother robots.

The primary goal of the Jim Crow laws - segregation - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 552 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: Jim Crow Laws Essay Did you like this example? In the North, some states allowed blacks to have a privilege to vote for president in the election. Some states required blacks to own property to vote, schools and neighborhoods were segregated, and businesses displayed whites only signs(History). African Americans still could not go to white schools or live in the same neighborhoods as whites. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The primary goal of the Jim Crow laws segregation" essay for you Create order Blacks were not allowed to show public affection toward each other because it offended whites. Blacks and whites were not supposed to eat together. If they did eat together, whites were to be served first, and some sort of partition was to be placed between them(Kennedy.S, 1959/1990). White people did not want black people to get their food before them because blacks will feel like they are equal to whites. The government was trying to help the black community as much as they can but it wasnt going well. The government attempted to help rebuild the south during this time, and assist with displaced African Americans and poor white farmers(Vicki Galer, 2013). Most black men had the rights to vote in state but women still could not vote in the states. During the Reconstruction era, African American men began to gain some power in politics, and with the ability to vote(Vicki Galer, 2013). This will help men take care of their family and get some good people in the office that will help their society. As Democrats began to regain power in the southern states, laws were passed to limit the ability of blacks to vote and hold office(Vicki Galer, 2013). Black men will help their family but not as much as they want to help them. And the government can help the black community get the rights that they deserve to have. Conclusion of Jim Crow Laws The government tried to help end Jim Crow laws that separated African Americans and whites in the southern states in the United States. In 1875 an attempt to revert the Jim Crow laws to give black people equal rights as the whites in the southern states was passed but had very little effect(Milner, 2013). This mean that the attempt did not go as well as they planned it to go because the white people still wanted to be separate from blacks. After African Americans received the right to vote and freedom, the Jim Crow laws were created to limit these rights(History). This made African Americans and whites equal in the United States. But in Mississippi and Georgia, black people was denied the rights to vote in the south of the United States. The Jim Crows were promoted as separate but equal; however, the primary goal of the Jim Crow laws was segregation. And doing that time black people could not do want they want because they were separate from white people and did not have equal rights. White leaders created and used these laws to limit the rights of African Americans and to control the African American population in the South(History). They did not want African Americans in the South because they did not want to be around them and they did not want them using the same bathrooms and water fountains that they was using. African Americans were forced to use separate public facilities, ride at the back of buses, and live in segregated communities.

Denver International Airport (DIA) Free Essay Example, 3500 words

Although scheduled to be ready in four years’ time, the project extended to five and a half years due to a series of delays (Wikipedia. org, 2007). The first delay was the result of improper planning and frequent design alterations to adapt to United Airlines’ fluctuating needs (Wikipedia. org, 2007). African American Mayor Wellington Edward Webb {term as Mayor: 1991 to 2001} (Castellino, p.33), Pena’s successor, was constrained to modify the opening day from October 29, 1993 to March 1994. The second delay, spawned by a September 1993 strike by specialized carpenters, gave rise to derisive misinterpretations of the DIA initials such as ‘Delayed Indefinitely Airport’ and ‘Denver’s Imaginary Airport’. Mayor Webb was forced to push back the date of scheduled opening to May 15, 1994. The third delay was caused in April 1994 by the gross malfunctioning of a newly installed computerized baggage facility in DIA. The facility continued to be regularly problematic, due to which it was terminated in September 2005 (Wikipedia. org, 2007) and replaced by manual baggage handling crew of 1,300 persons (Johnson, 2007). We will write a custom essay sample on Denver International Airport (DIA) or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The final preparations for opening day took place on September 25, 1994 when DIA invited Federal Aviation Administration {FAA} controllers and a large number of general aviation aircraft to try out its facilities and procedures. The success of this exercise literally laid the red carpet for the official opening ceremony on February 28, 1995. By that time, the total construction cost incurred was $ 5.2 billion {3.2 billion original budgets plus 2 billion excess} (Wikipedia. org, 2007). 2. AIRPORT ORGANIZATION CHART Ownership of DIA rests totally with the City of Denver. Under the umbrella of the City Charter, Denver’s Department of Aviation manages and controls day-to-day operations at DIA. In compliance with the terms of the Constitution of Colorado, the City of Denver has conferred on the Department of Aviation the power of ‘enterprise, ’ whereby it can officially issue revenue bonds or other monetary obligations in the name of the City of Denver. The mayor of Denver selects the manager of the Department of Aviation, with the latter expected to formally report directly to the former. There are about 1,000 city employees in the Department of Aviation. Turner West is the current manager of the department, having been appointed to the post in March 2006 by Mayor John Hickenlooper. In addition to overseeing all airport activities, Turner West has been allocated extra responsibilities associated with airport engineering, building and layout arrangements (Flydenver. com, 2007 ).

Harriet Tubman by Ann Petry - 879 Words

Im doing my book report on Harriet Tubman by Ann Petry. It was first published in 1855.This story occurs during slavery in the 18200s. The main character is Harriet Tubman. There are seven lesser main characters. First is Harriet Greene, who is Harriet Tubmans mother. Next is Benjamin Ross, Harriets (Tubman) father. Then is Edward Brodas, Harriets (and her families) master. After that is John Tubman, Harriet(Tubman)s ex-husband. Nelson Davis is Harriets husband. John Browley is Harriet(Tubman)s brother in law. Finally is Mary Browley, Harriets(Tubman) sister. Araminta Ross( Harriet Tubman) was born in Maryland to Harriet Greene and Benjamin Ross. As a child she was a slave. She would help plant tobacco. She hated her life as a slave. As she got older, she was hired out (sold) by Master Brodas to Mrs. Susan. One day while Mrs. Susan and her husband were quarreling, Minta (Araminta) stole a lump of sugar and Mrs. Susan saw her. Mr and Mrs. Susan chased Harriet for a couple minutes unt il they gave up. Minta hid in a pig pen fighting other pigs for food for a couple days. She soon got very hungry and had to go back. She was whipped very hard by Mr. Susan and got sent back to Master Brodass plantation. One day when Minta went into a store she saw and oversee trying to whip up a slave. He told Minta to help him tie the slave, but she said no. Then the slave escaped. The oversee tried to through a weight at the slave, but the weight missed the slave a hit Minta in theShow MoreRelatedNelson Mandela Speeches779 Words   |  4 PagesHave you ever looked up at someone because of their accomplishments? What about Nelson Mandela? He fought for freedom of people with different types of colored skin. Same with Harriet Tubman and how she risked her life for freedom. What about Malala Yousafzai and her amazing journey on schooling for girls all over the world? These people are amazing, but what did they do that was so incredible? Nelson Mandela was amazing because of his speeches and how he risked his life, and was inspiring to allRead MoreNelson Mandela, Harriet Tubman, And Patrisse Cullors1500 Words   |  6 PagesCivil Rights- noun: the rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality. Nelson Mandela, Harriet Tubman, and Patrisse Cullors all share one common trait: civil rights and protecting the freedom of others. Nelson Mandela fought for freedom against the apartheid in South Africa, and was a philanthropist who served as President in South Africa. Harriet Tubman was abolitionist, armed scout and spy, who helped hundreds of slaves escape through the Underground Railroad during the CivilRead MorePersuasive Essay On Harriet Tubman1193 Words   |  5 Pagesrest, however. Harriet Tubman risked her life many times to free her people from unjust enslavement, Mother Jones organized more obvious methods to set laws in place against child labor, and nowadays Christine Caine and the A21 Organiza tion fight to save and protect victims of human trafficking. These three people have all fought valiantly, and continue to fight today, for the justice that every oppressed individual deserves, as they believe in equality for all on Earth. Harriet Tubman, a slave onRead MoreBiographies And Biographies Of Biographies849 Words   |  4 PagesFrank: Life in Hiding by Johanna Hurwitz, Martin Luther King: The Peaceful Warrior by Ed Clayton, and Harriet Tubman, Secret Agent: How Daring Slaves and Free Blacks Spied for the Union During the Civil War by Thomas B. Allen. The five best authors of biographies in my opinion are Barry Denenberg, Russell Freedman, Lois Markham, Rosa Parks, and Ann Petry. Ann Petry wrote the book Harriet Tubman: Conductor on the Underground Railroad. Rosa Parks technically wrote an autobiography of herself but whatRead MoreThe Life Of A Woman Harriet Tubman1404 Words   |  6 Pages This book will create an image of a woman Harriet Tubman, who was compared to the biblical Moses as she was determined to get her people out of bondage and onto freedom seen as their promised land. Reading the book will no doubt create a level of pain within the reader as he/she feels the pain that not only Harriet Tubman suffered but also those who suffered and died in the quest from slavery to freedom. This small yet powerful book of 22 chapters, takes us as passengers on this fictitiousRead MoreHarriet Tubman And The Underground Railroad1416 Words   |  6 Pagesabolitionists such as Harriet Tubman did much to ameliorate, and later, abolish slavery. Harriet was a strong and courageous woman and a well-known conductor of the Underground Railroads, around the 1850s. Harriet Tubman personal experiences throughout her life have shaped her to become the stout-hearted woman who helped many slaves escape to freedom, by using the Underground Railroad—a network of secret routes. As described in the novel â€Å"In their own words: Harriet Tubman,† Sullivan introducesRead MoreThe Underground Railroad By Ann Petry Essay988 Words   |  4 Pages Harriet Tubman: Conductor on the Underground Railroad was written by Ann Petry. It was published by Thomas Y. Crowell in 1955. The book has 242 pages. This book tells about Harriet s life as a young slave and how she escaped slavery. She led many other slaves to freedom in the North throughout her life. The book starts by focusing on Harriet s parents, Old Rit and Ben Ross. It discusses their life on the Brodas plantation in Maryland. In 1820, Old Rit had a baby, and she named this baby AramintaRead MoreCivil Rights And Nelson Mandela1375 Words   |  6 PagesCivil Rights- noun: the rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality. Nelson Mandela, Harriet Tubman, and Patrisse Cullors all share one common trait: civil rights and protecting the freedom of others. Nelson Mandela fought for freedom against the apartheid in South Africa, and was a philanthropist who served as President in South Africa. Harriet Tubman was abolitionist, armed scout and spy, who helped hundreds of slaves escape through the Underground Railroad during the CivilRead MoreThe Human Rights Of Harriet Tubman, Mother Jones, And Melba Pattillo Beals1505 Words   |  7 PagesFighting for Human Rights How can a person make a big difference in human rights? Well, Harriet Tubman, Mother Jones, and Melba Pattillo Beals are all examples of people who fought and made a big impact for all human rights. While Harriet Tubman and Melba Pattillo Beals stood up for African American Rights, Mother Jones fought for child labor laws, and all these individuals were determined to take action for their cause. These special people helped to enact change by standing up for rights they believeRead More Slavery in the American South Essay1809 Words   |  8 Pagesrunaway slaves would risk their lives and risk becoming a slave again and return back to try and help more slaves runaway. Such a person for this job was Harriet Tubman.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Harriet Tubman was born into slavery. As she was growing up she learned to walk on the hard packed earth outside the cabin. She normally answered to the name of Minta or Minty (Petry 12). She was a quiet girl but a bright one. Her parents hoped that she would learn a trade when she was young so that she wouldn’t have to work in

Teamwork and Leadership Approaches free essay sample

Leaders which use the autocratic approach do not delegate responsibilities to the team members and prefer to stay in control over the business. (Malcolm Surridge, 2005, p. 181) Alternatively, paternalistic leaders are open to the opinions of their subordinates and allow for dialogue between people on the higher lever of hierarchy and the junior staff. However, the leader will still be the one who makes the main decisions. (Malcolm Surridge, 2005, p. 182) Leaders who use the democratic approach, however, tend to communicate with the employees down the hierarchy and consider their points of view.They delegate responsibilities within the organisation allowing subordinates to actively participate in discussions of decision-making. This is motivational for employees given that they are well-trained and informed about aspects of the organisation in order to carry out their defined job. Despite the fact that leadership is one of the major keys to organisations’ success, strong teamwork is considered as well. There are various factors that employees are likely to have in order to create a well-operating team. (Malcolm Surridge, 2005, p. 182)Effective communication is one of the most significant skills a member obtains whilst working with others. Sometimes the targets that a team member sets to himself might overweigh the overall objective of the team which can be counter-productive. This is when active communication is required. Another possible approach is working as one without showing the dominance of a single personality. Being in a team also requires one to develop respect for others’ values and opinions. Stella Cottrell (2003, pp. 121-122) Likewise, motivation is the optimal approach to strong teamwork and excellent performance of team members.A notable example of this is of an American psychologist Douglas McGregor who, in the early 1950s, established two theories which he named Theory Y and Theory X, describing the factors that motivate individuals within the organisation. It is believed that subordinates that refer to Theory X try to avoid work and responsibilities. These types of individuals call for supervision and are not the best types for teamwork. However, those which refer to the Theory Y are believed to be ambitious and tend to put effort and time into the production of the business.These types of employees enjoy work and are therefore naturally open to interacting with others which involves, not only sharing their own ideas, but also accepting propositions from other team members. Individuals that refer to the Theory Y generally enjoy taking responsibilities which is more useful while dealing with arisen issues in the team. Ian Marcouse (2005, p. 235) Individuals experience shortcomings in working with others in positions of both team member and leader. There are various factors which cause unsuccessful leaders, failed teamwork, and bad decision making.The challenges are often due to defective leader types, unsuccessful combination of people working together and other external factors. The main challenge in teamwork and leadership is personality. Some individuals have difficult personalities, and occasionally, dysfunctional personal attributes which cause destructive behavior. Such is the case with toxic leaders who misuse their position of power and leave a negative impact on their followers (Kusy, 2009 p. 4). Narcissists, control freaks or those with personality type A, and manipulators are all types of toxic leaders.Working with, or under, these leaders disrupts the harmony within a team, and shifts the members’ objectives and values (Kusy, 2009 p. 4). Emotionally unstable team members can also limit group productivity by what is called the bad apple effect, whereby the unstable members spread their negative energies to the rest of the team. Furthermore, teams made up of one personality type present challenges. An anxious extrovert team, for instance, can show poor performance as all the members can be easily distracted (Management Teams, Belbin, 2010 p. 29).The opposite composition of such a team can also lead to negative results, as with stable introvert teams, who are not perceptible to new important factors which could influence changes to their given project. Similarly, apollo teams, or teams constructed of members with high mental ability, struggle with decision-making and performing activities due to competition, focus on debate and demeaning others’ ideas in the face of their own (Management Teams, Belbin, 2010 p. 29). Therefore, the imbalance of power within team members can therefore be detrimental.This is notable when groups of mixed genders work together, as women are known to receive less accreditation for their work and ideas cross-culturally (Management Teams, Belbin, 2010 pp. 15-19). A multicultural team can also yield negative results if they suffer from miscommunication or a lack of understanding of the others’ perspective and background (Gordon, 2002 p. 91). This is a result of a lack of self-awareness on each team member’s part. Lacking that awareness can also cause groupthink. This theory by Janis Irving states that teams are highly susceptible to mindless conformity when making decisions (Barash, 1999 p. 1). He states that critical thinking is waned, especially in cases where the members inadvertently comply with their leaders’ approach without a question. Decision-making within a team not only takes longer, but also results in more extreme decisions as team members feel they are not individually accountable for the consequences (Gordon, 2002 p. 189). Moreover, individual knowledge is ignored to reach a unanimous decision. A factor which can influence groupthink and affect levels of productivity is the size of the team.Belbin has shown that the bigger the team, the more likely they are to be victims of groupthink (Management Teams, Belbin, 2010 p. 110). By the same token, although smaller teams are favourable, a three-man team can be counter-productive if a member is absent. These teams are especially vulnerable as they are dependent on how the personalities in the teams get on (Management Teams, Belbin, 2010 p. 116). Another factor to consider is that some people are not productive in teams as they think they work better on their own (Marcouse, 2005 p. 262).

The Poetry Of A. E. Housman (867 words) Essay Example For Students

The Poetry Of A. E. Housman (867 words) Essay The Poetry of A. E. HousmanHousman was born in Burton-On-Trent, England, in 1865, just as the US Civil War was ending. As a young child, he was disturbed by the news of slaughter from the former British colonies, and was affected deeply. This turned him into a brooding, introverted teenager and a misanthropic, pessimistic adult. This outlook on life shows clearly in his poetry. Housman believed that people were generally evil, and that life conspired against mankind. This is evident not only in his poetry, but also in his short stories. For example, his story, The Child of Lancashire, published in 1893 in The London Gazette, is about an child who travels to London, where his parents die, and he becomes a street urchin. There are veiled implications that the child is a homosexual (as was Housman, most probably), and he becomes mixed up with a gang of similar youths, attacking affluent pedestrians and stealing their watches and gold coins. Eventually he leaves the gang and becomes weal thy, but is attacked by the same gang (who dont recognize him) and is thrown off London Bridge into the Thames, which is unfortunately frozen over, and is killed on the hard ice below. Housmans poetry is similarly pessimistic. In fully half the poems the speaker is dead. In others, he is about to die or wants to die, or his girlfriend is dead. Death is a really important stage of life to Housman; without death, Housman would probably not have been able to be a poet. (Housman, himself, died in 1937.) A few of his poems showan uncharacteristic optimism and love of beauty, however. For example, in his poem Trees, he begins:Loveliest of trees, the cherry nowHung low with bloom along the bowStands about the woodland sideA virgin in white for Eastertideand ends:Poems are made by fools like meBut only God can make a tree.(This is a popular quotation, yet most people dont know its source!)Religion is another theme of Housmans. Housman seems to have hadtrouble reconciling conventional Christ ianity with his homosexuality and his deep clinical depression. In Apologia pro Poemate Meo he states:In heaven-high musings and manyFar off in the wayward night sky,I would think that the love I bear youWould make you unable to die Would God in his church in heavenForgive us our sins of the day,That boy and man togetherMight join in the night and the way.I think that the sense of hopelessness and homosexual longing isunmistakable. However, these themes went entirely over the heads of the people of Housmans day, in the early 1900s. The best known collection of Housmans poetry is A Shropshire Lad, published in 1925, followed shortly by More Poems, 1927, and Even More Poems, 1928. Unsurprisingly, most collections have the same sense and style. They could easily be one collection, in terms of stylisticcontent. All show a sense of the fragility of life, the perversity ofexistence, and a thinly veiled homosexual longing, in spite of the fact that many of the poems apparently (but sublimi nally?) speak of young women. It is clear from these works that women were only a metaphor for love, which in Housmans case usually did not include the female half of society. More Poems contains perhaps the best statement of Housmans philosophy of life, a long, untitled poem (no. LXIX) with oblique references to the town of his birth, Burton-on-Trent, and statements like:And while the sun and moon endureLucks a chance, but troubles sureIndeed, how much more pessimistic can one be?Not only a poet and storyteller, Housman was a noted classical scholar. He is known for his extensive translations of the Greek classics, especially Greek plays by Euripides and Sophocles. Unfortunately, the bulk of his manuscripts were lost in a disastrous fire in his office at Oxford, which was caused by a lit cigar falling into a stack of papers. There were rumors that Housman was hidden in a closet with a young boy at the time, and therefore did not see the fire in his own office until it was too late to extinguish it. The Trustees of the college, however, managed to squelch the rumors, and Housmans academic tenure was not threatened by the incident. .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc , .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc .postImageUrl , .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc , .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc:hover , .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc:visited , .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc:active { border:0!important; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc:active , .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udc635501c15c355108a4f09af5c591fc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Impact Of Hurricanes In Florida Essay We will write a custom essay on The Poetry Of A. E. Housman (867 words) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Now only a few gems of his poetic translation remain. One of the finest is from Sophocles Alcestis, which begins: Of strong things I find not anyThat is as the strength of FateIndeed, a comment on Housmans sense of fatalism. Housman is considered a minor poet, primarily because of his use of rhyme and meter, and frequent and effective use of imagery and symbolism. (It is generally accepted that major twentieth-century poetry must inevitably go beyond the strictures of late-nineteenth century styles, so any poet using such styles can only be classed as minor.) Nonetheless, I like him. I can forgive his sexual orientation, especially since my own father and brother share it (and sometimes I wonder about myself!) His wonderful poetry and other writings stand apart, by themselves, in their unique and special splendor.